name

Organelles

CSLS # 1j :
Students know how eukaryotic cells are given shape and internal organization by a cytoskeleton or cell wall or both.

"pseudo" = false
“eu” = true

"pro" = before
“karyote” = nucleus

Organelle name Organelle function

1. Cell Wall (plant, bacteria) – rigid structure outside the plasma membrane.

2. Plasma Membrane – a selective barrier, allowing passage of Oxygen, nutrients, and wastes.

3. Centrioles – only in animal cells, stack of microtubules for use during mitosis.

4. Nucleus – contains most of the genes (DNA) that control the cell.

5. Nuclear Envelope - the double membrane that encloses the nucleus. Nuclear pores are holes in the nuclear envelope.

6. Nucleolus – ribosomal subunits are made here.

7. Chromatin – strands containing DNA (genes) along with associated protein (histones).

8. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum –

endo = “within”

plasmic =“made of PLB”

reticulous = “folded”

rough = it has ribosomes.

9. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum – membranous tubules and sacs important in lipid metabolism. (PLB repair)

10. Ribosomes – where proteins are synthesized (made)

11. Mitochondria – carries out cellular respiration making ATP by breaking down sugar. "powerhouse of the cell"

12. Lysosome – (animals) like the stomach of the cell it contains digestive enzymes.

"lysis" = break apart.

"soma" = body.

13. Peroxisome – a microbody (vesicle) that breaks down and recycles membranes.

14. Central Vacuole (plant) – a large membrane bound storage compartment for nutrients.

15. Chloroplast (plant) – does photosynthesis, uses light to make sugar.

16. Golgi Apparatus - modifies, stores, and repackages products of the ER, mostly for secretion.

17. Tonoplast (plant) – membrane that encloses the central vacuole.

18. Microtubules – cylindrical protein in the cytoskeleton (cell shape) and cilia and flagella.

19. Microfilaments – very thin threadlike protein in the cytoskeleton and cell movement.